It discusses how microplastics and nanoplastics have become pollutants found around the world. With this review, we aim to synthesize recent advancements and persistent challenges to support the development of more robust, sensitive, and harmonized approaches to microplastic analysis, ultimately leading to improvements in environmental monitoring and risk assessment. This highlights the critical importance of appropriate methods for the chemical identification, quantification, and characterization of microplastics and nanoplastics. Recent research has shown that marine and freshwater biota become entangled with plastic litter, which disrupts the ecosystem Aquatic creatures are known to absorb and deposit these new pollutants in their digestive systems, as has been documented in several studies. Author (1)： ivleva natalia p
(institute of hydrochemistry, chair of analytical chemistry and water chemistry, technical university of munich, germany) Therefore, advanced methods are required for the reliable analysis of microplastics and nanoplastics, and they are probably some of the most challenging analytes to measure in environmental samples.
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